How to Defend Against Malware or Ransomware Attacks

Cybercriminals are constantly coming up with new ways to strike fear into our hearts, but there are things you can do to protect yourself.

It’s no secret that malware or ransomware attacks are on the rise. The FBI has reported that the number of ransomware-type attacks increased by 500% in 2015. And spending on cybersecurity is on the rise, with dedicated budgets for cybersecurity increasing by 7% in the last year.

To help you understand how to protect yourself, we’ve put together a list of ways to defend against cyberattacks. We’ll also cover what you can do to prepare your organization for an attack. First, let’s start with the basics

What is Malware or Ransomware?

Malware is very appropriately named, as it is simply a portmanteau of malicious and software. It can wreak havoc on your computer through a variety of means, though some of the most common including locking you out of your own computer, stealing data, using paid services without your consent, or taking control of your device.

Ransomware works in a similar way, in that it also prevents you from accessing your computer and any data stored there. This is often demonstrated either by locking your system or deleting files, or both! Ransomware will also try to spread through to other devices connected to your network. 

Your computer or device will usually become exposed to these viruses through corrupted links. These are commonly sent via email under false pretences, such as fraudulently pretending to be your bank or a similarly trustworthy institution. 

Why is it Called Ransomware?

Similar to malware, ransomware is also a portmanteau, this time of ransom and software. It’s named this because usually, in order to regain access to your computer or have your data returned, the hacker/virus will ask for more details from you.

You will usually be asked to follow a link or contact an anonymous email address. This usually entails asking you for money in exchange for access to your device. 

Of course, there is no guarantee that the hacker will actually give you access back even if you do make payment, and your hardrive data may be irreparably damaged. It is generally recommended to never give in to the ransom, no matter how desperate you may be.

Additionally, even if your files are returned to you, your bank details are now associated with criminal activity. This isn’t a wise idea under any circumstance, especially given that it could lead to further fraudulent activity carried out under your name. 

How Can You Prevent Ransomware?

Thankfully, there are plenty of ways to effectively protect your device from ransomware attacks. This can include special, cybersecurity software that you can preemptively install. There is a variety out there, from more sophisticated and expensive models to budget options that still provide efficient protection.

In addition to the proper software, there are preventative measures you can enact today that will reduce the risk of a ransomware attack. There is no guarantee you can avoid ransomware entirely, especially given how smart hackers are becoming, but you can take positive action. Listed below are some of our top recommendations.

Never Click on Links You Don’t Trust

Ever. No matter who it is from or how legitimate the sender appears to be. You would be surprised by how convincing hackers can be. They impersonate institutions you recognise and load emails or texts with corrupted links. They often say exactly the right thing to get you to click, but once you do your device will be compromised. 

The Same Goes For Email Attachments

It isn’t just links that you need to be wary of. Email attachments can also expose you to ransomware once you click on them. Never click on an attachment from any source you don’t trust. 

Always double-check the email address of the sender to verify their identity, and even then, any unexpected attachment should be avoided. Additionally, never open an attachment that requests private information (such as passwords) to be accessed. It’s more than likely that they’re trying to steal your details.

Don’t Reveal Personal Information

There’s a reason banks will often reassure you that they’ll never ask for your password or similar private details. It is because hackers will often assume the identity of trustworthy institutions and request personal information from you. They may claim that you have been the victim of fraud, which is why they need access to your account.

Never give out this information. It’s private for a reason, and no matter how legitimate the asker may seem, there is no good reason that you should be giving out passwords to anything.

Keep Your Operating Systems Up to Date

Systems and programs are constantly being patched to keep up with the latest ransomware attacks. Hackers might be getting smarter, but so can you, as long as you stay up to date with the latest software.

This doesn’t mean you need to buy a laptop or new operating system each year, just make sure you’re staying on top of updates. Clicking ‘update later’ for the thousandth time can be tempting, but you could cause yourself some significant problems in the future.

Only Download From Reputable Sources

We understand, you need that particular file right now and it’s right there at DefinitelyNotAVirus.com, but seriously, is it worth the risk? If you have even the slightest doubt that the website you are downloading from isn’t legitimate, quit while you’re ahead.

No matter what format the file is in, whether it’s video, audio, or text, ransomware can find its way into your system by even the smallest downloads. Don’t let the temptation of convenience lure you into a trap. Keep your wits about you, and only download from places you trust.

TIP: An easy way to know if you can trust a site is by looking to the little padlock beside the URL in your browser. Most browsers come with anti-ransomware tactics built-in, and the padlock is an example of this. You can click on it to find out more information about the site you’re visiting, most notably how secure your connection is. 

What Should You Look For in Ransomware Prevention Software?

The most important thing to look out for is how effective the software is at identifying ransomware and how quickly it removes it. This is usually called virus scanning or content filtering.

Essentially, whenever your device comes into contact with ransomware, your software will alert you and ask you what you want to do with it. In most cases the only appropriate response is immediate removal, and you can usually automate this process so you don’t always need to deal with alerts.

It’s also important to make sure that your protective software works all the time, not just when you initiate a scan. A lot of the free software out there has great scanning features, but they only work when you hit the big green button. Without full time protection, you can’t guarantee that your downloads, emails, or internet browsing are safe.

Ransomware is Dangerous, But it Isn’t Inevitable

Cybersecurity crimes may be on the rise, but that doesn’t mean you’re fated to fall victim. We have covered some of the key ways to keep your back covered, and with the right antivirus software installed you should have no problem staying safe.

The internet is a big place, but it doesn’t have to be scary. Just stay updated and enact the right preventative measures, then you have nothing to worry about!